In implementation art. 69/2009 of 60 LN, with which the Government responsible for the establishment of one or more legislative decrees on civil and commercial dispute resolution, the d. LGV. No 28/2010, is approaching the start-up phase.
On 20 March 2010, the date of entry into force of the decree marks the beginning of a transition period ending March 20, 2011, when disputes relating to the rights available in respect of matters provided for in Article completely. 5 of the decree, must necessarily begin with, or with mediation proceedings under Articles. 8 ss. Or, with the conciliation proceedings already provided by our legal system per il sistema di indennizzo e fondo di garanzia per gli investitori e i risparmiatori e per la materia bancaria e creditizia.
L’esperimento del procedimento nelle materie indicate dall’art. 5 (condominio, diritti reali, divisioni, successioni ereditarie, patti di famiglia, locazione, comodato, affitto di aziende, risarcimento del danno derivante dalla circolazione dei veicoli e natanti,ecc) è condizione di procedibilità della domanda giudiziale, la relativa eccezione dovrà essere sollevata dal convenuto o rilevata dal giudice, a pena di decadenza, non oltre la prima udienza.
Il procedimento ricalca la disciplina del tentativo di conciliazione per il rito lavoristico, (salvo che per i tempi più ridotti), non più obbligatorio, a seguito della modifica introdotta dall’art. 31 del D.D.L 1167/B definito “collegato lavoro”, anche per la parte relativa agli effetti della prescrizione e della decadenza della domanda di mediazione che sono equiparati a quelli della domanda giudiziale e che si producono dalla comunicazione alle altre parti della domanda di mediazione.
Restano fuori dalle materie oggetto di mediazione (o la conciliazione è ammessa a determinate condizioni ) per: i procedimenti di ingiunzione, quelli per convalida di licenza e di sfratto, i procedimenti di opposizione o incidentali di cognizione relativi all’esecuzione forzata, i procedimenti in private and those relating to the exercise of civil trial in a criminal trial.
If the mediation is successful, the mediator draws up the minutes signed by the parties and the mediator, and is approved on application made by the President of the Court in whose district has established the Dispute Settlement Body, which shall ensure the regularity formal as well as the not contrary to public policy and mandatory rules. It is enforceable for enforcement, the specific performance and to mortgage its proceedings. Paragraph 2 of art. 12 of the Decree, then confer to the verbal agreement, the same is enforceable, that the legislature gives the conciliation report obtained by the conciliation proceedings initiated by the court under art. 185 cpc
should be added that Article. 11 of the Ordinance, the third paragraph, provides that the agreement may contain a ' astreinte , ie the payment of a sum of money to any violation or breach of obligations under the Agreement or for delay in . This removes any doubt about the possibility of implementing a coercive measure indirect attempts at conciliation court, where the first article comments. 614 bis cpc, introduced with LN 69/2009, and on the implementation of the obligations of infungibili do or not do, she supported the exclusion of the ' astreinte to the minutes of conciliation court (and judicial), following a' too narrow and literal interpretation of the rule that the first part states: "With the measure the sentencing judge, unless this is manifestly unfair, fixed at the request of a party, the amount of money provided by parties for each violation or failure next, or for any delay in the measure. " Supporters of that position, on the assumption that the minutes conciliation are not measures of condemnation, they had ruled out the possible application of the indirect coercive measure.
If the agreement is not reached instead, or in any event, at the joint request of the parties, the mediator may make a proposal that was circulated to the parties in writing. They shall communicate the rejection or acceptance of the agreement in writing within 7 days. In the absence of communications to the Ombudsman about the agreement, the proposal is considered rejected.
In regard to the expenses of the proceeding Articles shall apply. 92 and 96 of the Code, in addition to the equivalent formulation art. 91 Code of Civil Procedure regarding the exclusion of repetition of costs incurred by the successful party who refused the proposed conciliation for the period following the formulation of the same, when the judge's ruling is entirely the contents of the proposal, in addition to condemning the reimbursement of costs incurred by the other party, for the same period.
We need to wait a little longer 'to do an initial screening the degree of effectiveness of the decree in accordance with the aims of the deflationary civil litigation, further provisions are expected by the Minister of Justice and the Minister for Economic Development on consumer affairs, with regard to training and review of the register of public and private professional to manage the mediation process, registration, suspension and cancellation of membership, and in determining the compensation payable to such bodies. I believe that in order for the mediation process can lend itself to become an effective tool for "the management of justice," one of the determining factors for this purpose is the assurance of reliability, impartiality and efficiency provided by the mediator, necessary to overcome the cultural bias who sees in State court, the only one worthy of their legal case solver. In fact, Italy is not new to the institution of justice of the peace "private", in fact, age Bourbon, in southern Italy, the mediator was selected from among those citizens who enjoyed the reputation as a good man, and was distributed in a capillary in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, to reconcile the disputes of the inhabitants of the municipality, with respect to civil cases of low value. Then his figure also found space in the Code of Civil Procedure of 1865, indicating that the Neapolitan experience was a guarantee of functionality of the judicial system. Of course times have changed, art. 4 of the Decree provides for even that mediation can take place through telematic means, but the principle remains that no one can speak of privatization della giustizia, ma di un differente modo di gestirla, e non mi pare che le disposizioni presenti nel decreto causino un calo di garanzie alle parti, che potranno risolvere la loro controversia in un tempo assai breve, dato che il procedimento di mediazione ha una durata non superiore ai quattro mesi, il mediatore potrà servirsi di consulenti tecnici, gli atti, i documenti e i provvedimenti relativi alla mediazione sono esenti dall’imposta di bollo e il verbale d’accordo è esente dall’imposta di registro entro il limite di 50.000 €, senza tralasciare il credito d’imposta relativo all’indennità corrisposta al mediatore, in caso di esito positivo dell’accordo e fino a concorrenza di 500 €.
Inoltre all’atto di conferimento dell’incarico, l’avvocato deve informare la parte della possibilità di avvalersi del procedimento di mediazione e delle agevolazioni fiscali previste, oltre ai casi in cui il procedimento è condizione di procedibilità della domanda giudiziale, la mancata informazione è causa di nullità del contratto tra l’avvocato e l’assistito.
Degno di attenzione è anche l’intento del legislatore che all’art 21 del decreto delega al Ministro della giustizia la divulgazione al pubblico anche attraverso internet, di informazioni sul procedimento di mediazione e sugli organismi abilitati a svolgerlo, questo consentirà a ciascun cittadino di prendere coscienza di ulteriori (e non direi alternativi) strumenti di tutela dei propri diritti , laddove i tempi biblici della giustizia, i fascicoli accatastati nei tribunali, l’insufficienza delle risorse umane e strumentali degli uffici giudiziari , tendono a negarla.
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